Knee pain is a prevalent issue that may stem from various structures within the knee joint, including the femur, tibia, fibula, patella, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage (meniscus).

Factors such as physical activity, obesity, muscle movements, and other underlying issues like foot injuries can exacerbate knee pain.

This discomfort can affect individuals of all age groups, and while home remedies can provide relief in mild cases, severe pain may require professional intervention.

Here are seven frequent sources of inner knee pain.

1. Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, resulting in the bones within the joints rubbing against each other.

Osteoarthritis affects millions globally, resulting from cartilage wear and tear. Managing symptoms involves staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, and considering treatments, including joint replacement if necessary.

2. MCL Tear
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is responsible for stabilizing the inner knee joint. When the ligament is overstretched, it can lead to an MCL sprain or tear.

MCL injuries often occur due to external force applied to the outer knee, commonly seen in contact sports.

Typical symptoms of an MCL injury comprise:
● Swelling
● Instability while standing or walking
● Locking of the knees

3. Anteromedial Arthritis
Wear in the front part of the inner knee compartment causes anteromedial arthritis, leading to medial knee pain and potentially bone spurs. Diagnosis involves imaging, and treatment may include partial knee replacement.

4. Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA damages joints throughout the body, causing inflammation and joint pain. Early detection improves treatment outcomes, and while surgery is rare, some may opt for joint replacement to alleviate pain.

5. Medial Meniscus Tear
The meniscus is a type of cartilage situated between the thigh and shin bones within the knee joint, serving as a cushion. Each knee contains two menisci.

Injuries to the meniscus can occur when the knee undergoes rotational forces or pressure, often during sports or athletic endeavors.

There are four primary types of meniscus tears:
● Bucket handle
● Flap
● Radial
● Degenerative

Symptoms of a meniscus tear can vary depending on its severity, and may include:
● Stiffness
● Sharp pain during knee twisting
● Locking of the knee
● Feeling of imbalance

6. Pes Anserine Bursitis
Inflammation of the pes anserine bursa, a small sac filled with fluid that reduces friction, can lead to inner knee pain.
Common symptoms of pes anserine bursitis include:
● Gradual onset of medial knee pain
● Swelling
● Stiffness
● Weakness
● Disrupted sleep

It’s typically located about 2-3 inches below the knee joint. This condition often worsens with resisted knee flexion, exercise, and stair climbing. It primarily affects overweight middle-aged women, as well as runners and swimmers.

7. Medial Plica Irritation
Plicas are small folds in the lining of the knee joint, with an average of four present in each knee. They facilitate smooth bending and extension of the leg.

Medial plica irritation commonly causes anterior knee pain, accompanied by sensations of catching, locking, and crepitating on the anteromedial surfaces of the knees during activities.

This irritation typically arises from knee injury or overuse. Increased physical activity beyond normal levels can trigger medial plica irritation. Additionally, trauma to the knee, such as in a car crash, can induce swelling and exacerbate the condition.